Ðàñ÷åòíî-ãðàôè÷åñêèå ðàáîòû

 

 

Ãëàâíàÿ

 

Çàäà÷à 1. Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé êîíñîëüíûõ è äâóõîïîðíûõ áàëîê, ðàáîòàþùèõ íà ïîïåðå÷íûé èçãèá

Ðàñ÷åò áàëêè SOPROMATGURU.RU

Äëÿ áàëîê, èçîáðàæåííûõ íà ñõåìàõ 1 – 5 (ðèñ.1), òðåáóåòñÿ:

1) ïðîñòðîèòü ýïþðû âíóòðåííèõ óñèëèé;

2) óêàçàòü ïîëîæåíèå îïàñíîãî ñå÷åíèÿ.

3) äëÿ äåðåâÿííîé áàëêè, èçîáðàæåííîé íà ñõåìå 1, ïîäîáðàòü ðàçìåðû êâàäðàòíîãî ïîïåðå÷íîãî ñå÷åíèÿ èç óñëîâèÿ ïðî÷íîñòè, åñëè [σ] = 16 ÌÏà;

4) äëÿ ñòàëüíîé äâóòàâðîâîé áàëêè, èçîáðàæåííîé íà ñõåìå 2, ïîäîáðàòü íîìåð ïðîêàòíîãî ïðîôèëÿ èç óñëîâèÿ ïðî÷íîñòè.

Äàííûå äëÿ ñõåì 1 – 5 âçÿòü èç òàáë.1.

Òàáëèöà 1

Íîìåð

còðîêè

Ñõåìà

ïî ðèñ.1

F1,

ñì2

à,

ì

b,

ì

Ì,

êÍì

q,

êÍ/ì

01

1

12

1

2

24

5

02

2

10

2

2

16

4

03

3

12

3

2

12

6

04

4

6

2

3

18

2

05

5

8

1

3

20

4

06

6

10

3

1

12

2

07

7

6

2

2

12

3

08

8

8

1

2

12

6

09

9

6

2

1

16

5

10

10

12

1

3

10

6

11

11

11

1

2

12

6

12

12

12

3

3

18

2

13

13

10

2

3

20

4

14

14

12

1

1

12

2

15

15

6

2

2

12

3

16

16

8

1

2

12

6

17

17

10

2

1

18

5

18

18

6

3

2

20

6

19

19

8

2

2

12

2

20

20

6

1

3

12

4

21

21

12

3

3

12

2

22

22

12

2

1

16

3

23

23

13

1

2

10

6

24

24

14

1

2

12

5

25

25

12

3

1

18

6

26

26

10

2

3

20

6

27

27

12

1

2

12

2

28

28

6

2

3

24

4

29

29

8

1

3

16

2

30

30

10

2

1

12

3

31

31

6

3

2

18

6

32

32

8

2

2

20

5

33

33

6

1

1

12

6

34

34

12

3

3

12

2

35

35

11

2

2

16

4

36

36

12

3

3

12

2

 

à

ã

â

á

ã

à

 

Âàðèàíò 1.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image006

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image008image010

 

Âàðèàíò 2.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image012image014image013

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image015          image017        

 

Âàðèàíò 3.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image025image027

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image029

 

Âàðèàíò 4.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image043

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image045

 

Âàðèàíò 5.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image057

4 ñõåìà                                                       5 ñõåìà

image059   

 

Âàðèàíò 6.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image048

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image050image052

 

Âàðèàíò 7.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image054  image056image058

4 ñõåìà                                                             5 ñõåìà

image060        image062

 

Âàðèàíò 8.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image066

4 ñõåìà                                                          5 ñõåìà

image068     image070

 

Âàðèàíò 9.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

  image074

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image076        

 

Âàðèàíò 10.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image082

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image084     image086

 

Âàðèàíò 11.

1 ñõåìà                                          2 ñõåìà                                             3 ñõåìà

image088image090image092

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image094image096

 

Âàðèàíò 12.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image098image100  image102

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image104image106

 

Âàðèàíò 13.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image108image110image112

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image114image116

 

Âàðèàíò 14.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image118image120image122

4 ñõåìà                                                     5 ñõåìà

image124image126

 

Âàðèàíò 15.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image128image130image132

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image134image136

 

Âàðèàíò 16.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image138image140image142

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image144image146

 

Âàðèàíò 17.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image148image150image152

4 ñõåìà                                   5 ñõåìà

image154image156

 

Âàðèàíò 18.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image158image160image162

4 ñõåìà                                        5 ñõåìà

image164image166 

 

Âàðèàíò 19.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image160image074

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image154         image156

 

Âàðèàíò 20.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image012image150image082

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image134     image136        

 

Âàðèàíò 21.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image140image162

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

image114      image116      

 

Âàðèàíò 22.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

image130image152

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

  image094    image096

 

Âàðèàíò 23.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

   

 

Âàðèàíò 24.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

 

Âàðèàíò 25.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

 

Âàðèàíò 26.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

Âàðèàíò 27.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

    

 

Âàðèàíò 28.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

Âàðèàíò 29.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

 

Âàðèàíò 30.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

Âàðèàíò 31.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

 

Âàðèàíò 32.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

   

 

Âàðèàíò 33.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

  

 

Âàðèàíò 34.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

     

 

Âàðèàíò 35.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

  

 

Âàðèàíò 36.

1 ñõåìà                             2 ñõåìà                                          3 ñõåìà

4 ñõåìà                                                                5 ñõåìà

 

Ðèñ.1

 

Çàäà÷à 2. Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé êîíñîëüíûõ è äâóõîïîðíûõ áàëîê, ðàáîòàþùèõ íà ïîïåðå÷íûé èçãèá

Äëÿ çàäàííûõ ñõåì áàëîê, èçîáðàæåííûõ íà ñõåìàõ à) è á) (ðèñ.2), òðåáóåòñÿ:

1) ïðîñòðîèòü ýïþðû âíóòðåííèõ óñèëèé Q è èçãèáàþùåãî ìîìåíòà Ì.

2) ïîäîáðàòü ïîïåðå÷íîå ñå÷åíèå äëÿ ñõåìû à) êðóãëîå [σ] = 10 ÌÏà; á) äâóòàâðîâîå [σ] = 150 ÌÏà.

Äàííûå äëÿ ñõåì à) è á) âçÿòü èç òàáë.2.

Òàáëèöà 2

Íîìåð

còðîêè

Ñõåìà

ïî ðèñ.2

à,

ì

q1=q3,

êÍ/ì

q2,

êÍ/ì

F1,

êÍ

F2,

êÍ

F3,

êÍ

Ì1,

êÍì

Ì2,

êÍì

Ì3,

êÍì

01

1

2

5

30

10

35

10

10

35

10

02

2

0,8

10

25

15

30

20

15

30

20

03

3

1

15

20

20

25

30

20

25

30

04

4

1,2

20

15

25

20

40

25

20

40

05

5

1,4

25

10

30

15

10

30

15

10

06

6

1,6

30

5

35

10

20

35

10

20

07

7

1,8

5

30

40

5

30

40

5

30

08

8

2

15

35

15

30

20

15

30

20

09

9

2

20

25

20

25

30

20

25

30

10

10

0,8

25

20

25

20

40

25

20

40

11

11

1

30

15

30

15

10

30

15

10

12

12

1,2

5

10

15

10

20

35

10

20

13

13

1,4

20

25

20

5

30

40

30

30

14

14

1,6

10

20

25

20

30

20

25

30

15

15

1,8

15

15

30

15

40

25

20

40

16

16

1

20

10

35

10

10

30

15

10

17

17

1,2

25

5

40

5

20

35

10

20

18

18

1,4

30

30

15

30

30

40

5

30

19

19

1,6

5

35

20

25

20

15

30

20

20

20

1,8

15

25

25

20

30

20

25

30

21

21

2

20

20

30

15

40

25

20

40

22

22

2

25

15

25

10

10

30

15

10

23

23

0,8

30

10

30

5

20

35

10

20

24

24

1

5

35

35

25

20

40

20

30

25

25

1,2

20

25

40

20

30

20

15

20

26

26

1,4

20

20

15

15

40

25

10

30

27

27

1,4

20

15

20

10

10

30

30

40

28

28

1,6

25

10

25

5

20

35

25

10

29

29

1,8

30

25

30

20

30

40

20

20

30

30

1

5

20

15

15

30

15

15

30

31

31

1,2

20

15

20

10

40

20

10

30

32

32

1,4

10

10

25

5

10

25

5

40

33

33

1,6

15

5

30

30

20

30

30

10

34

34

1,8

20

30

35

25

30

35

30

20

35

35

1,8

25

20

30

15

20

40

25

30

36

36

1

15

30

15

10

40

15

20

10

 

â

á

á

à

â

â

ã

à

ã

â

 

1 ñõåìà                                                                2 ñõåìà

 

 

3 ñõåìà                                                                4 ñõåìà

 

 

5 ñõåìà                                                                 6 ñõåìà

 

 

7 ñõåìà                                                                 8 ñõåìà

 

 

9 ñõåìà                                                                10 ñõåìà

 

 

11 ñõåìà                                                                12 ñõåìà

 

 

13 ñõåìà                                                                14 ñõåìà

 

 

15 ñõåìà                                                               16 ñõåìà

 

 

17 ñõåìà                                                                18 ñõåìà

 

 

19 ñõåìà                                                                20 ñõåìà

 

 

21 ñõåìà                                                                22 ñõåìà

 

 

23 ñõåìà                                                                     24 ñõåìà

 

 

25 ñõåìà                                                                   26 ñõåìà

 

 

27 ñõåìà                                                                   28 ñõåìà

 

 

29 ñõåìà                                                                30 ñõåìà

 

 

31 ñõåìà                                                                   32 ñõåìà

 

 

33 ñõåìà                                                                  34 ñõåìà

 

 

35 ñõåìà                                                               36 ñõåìà

Ðèñ.2

 

Çàäà÷à 3. Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé äâóõîïîðíûõ áàëîê, ðàáîòàþùèõ íà ïîïåðå÷íûé èçãèá

Äëÿ çàäàííîé äâóõîïîðíîé áàëêè ïðè óêàçàííûõ íà ñõåìå íàãðóçêàõ è ðàçìåðàõ òðåáóåòñÿ:      

1. Îïðåäåëèòü îïîðíûå ðåàêöèè.

2. Ïîñòðîèòü àíàëèòè÷åñêè ýïþðû ïîïåðå÷íûõ ñèë è  èçãèáàþùèõ ìîìåíòîâ.

3. Óñòàíîâèòü îïàñíûå ñå÷åíèÿ äëÿ íîðìàëüíûõ è äëÿ êàñàòåëüíûõ íàïðÿæåíèé.

4. Ïîäîáðàòü äâóòàâðîâîå ñå÷åíèå, ïðèíÿâ [σ] = 160 ÌÏà, è âûïîëíèòü åãî ïðîâåðêó ïî íîðìàëüíûì íàïðÿæåíèÿì.

5. Âûïîëíèòü ïðîâåðêó ïî êàñàòåëüíûì íàïðÿæåíèÿì, ïðèíÿâ [τ] = 96 ÌÏà.

6. Ïîñòðîèòü äëÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþùèõ îïàñíûõ ñå÷åíèé ýïþðû  íîðìàëüíûõ è  êàñàòåëüíûõ íàïðÿæåíèé.

Ïðèìå÷àíèå: Äàííûå äëÿ ðåøåíèÿ  çàäà÷è âçÿòü â òàáë.3 è íà ðèñ. 3.    

Òàáëèöà 3

Íîìåð

ñòðîêè

Ñõåìà

ïî ðèñ.3

Ïàðàìåòðû

×èñëîâûå çíà÷åíèÿ âàðèàíòîâ

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

01

1

Ì, êÍ

20

24

30

28

23

40

36

33

35

25

02

2

F, êÍ

30

20

40

50

25

15

28

23

35

33

03

3

q, êÍ/ì

50

60

80

40

70

30

50

25

40

60

04

4

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

1,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

05

5

Ì, êÍ

25

40

35

45

30

37

23

50

45

28

06

6

F, êÍ

15

20

35

22

28

30

40

36

24

45

07

7

q, êÍ/ì

20

40

30

25

25

30

40

35

50

35

08

8

l , ì

1,5

1,2

1,0

0,5

0,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

1,2

0,5

09

9

Ì, êÍ

30

20

15

18

28

25

18

25

22

32

10

10

F, êÍ

20

35

25

28

40

30

26

30

24

45

11

11

q, êÍ/ì

50

40

60

80

90

60

50

40

50

60

12

12

l, ì

1,0

1,5

1,0

1,0

0,6

0,5

1,0

2,0

1,0

1,5

13

13

Ì, êÍ

20

24

30

28

23

40

36

33

35

25

14

14

F, êÍ

30

20

40

50

25

15

28

23

35

33

15

15

q, êÍ/ì

50

60

80

40

70

30

50

25

40

60

16

16

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

1,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

17

17

Ì, êÍ

20

24

30

28

23

40

36

33

35

25

18

18

F, êÍ

30

20

40

50

25

15

28

23

35

33

19

19

q, êÍ/ì

50

60

80

40

70

30

50

25

40

60

20

20

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

1,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

21

21

Ì, êÍ

20

24

30

28

23

40

36

33

35

25

22

22

F, êÍ

30

20

40

50

25

15

28

23

35

33

23

23

q, êÍ/ì

50

60

80

40

70

30

50

25

40

60

24

24

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

1,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

25

25

Ì, êÍ

20

24

30

28

23

40

36

33

35

25

26

26

F, êÍ

30

20

40

50

25

15

28

23

35

33

27

27

q, êÍ/ì

50

60

80

40

70

30

50

25

40

60

28

28

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

1,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

29

29

Ì, êÍ

20

24

30

28

23

40

36

33

35

25

30

30

F, êÍ

30

20

40

50

25

15

28

23

35

33

 

â

 

à

á

â

ã

à

á

â

ã

à

á

 

1 ñõåìà                                             2 ñõåìà

1     2

 

 

3 ñõåìà                                            4 ñõåìà

3   4

 

 

5 ñõåìà                                            6 ñõåìà

5   6

 

 

7 ñõåìà                                     8 ñõåìà

7   8

 

 

9 ñõåìà                                            10 ñõåìà

9   10

 

 

11 ñõåìà                                                12 ñõåìà

1    2

 

 

13 ñõåìà                                              14 ñõåìà

3   4

 

 

15 ñõåìà                                                16 ñõåìà

5   6

 

 

17 ñõåìà                                                  18 ñõåìà

7   8

 

 

19 ñõåìà                                                20 ñõåìà

9    10

 

 

21 ñõåìà                                                     22 ñõåìà

1   2

 

 

23 ñõåìà                                                      24 ñõåìà

3   4

 

 

25 ñõåìà                                                26 ñõåìà

5     6

 

 

27 ñõåìà                                                   28 ñõåìà

7   8

 

 

29 ñõåìà                                                  30 ñõåìà

9    10

Ðèñ. 3

 

 

Çàäà÷à 4. Ïîäáîð ñå÷åíèé êîíñîëüíûõ áàëîê, ðàáîòàþùèõ íà ïîïåðå÷íûé èçãèá

Äëÿ çàäàííîé êîíñîëüíîé áàëêè ïðè óêàçàííûõ íà ñõåìå íàãðóçêàõ è ðàçìåðàõ òðåáóåòñÿ:      

1. Îïðåäåëèòü îïîðíûå ðåàêöèè.

2. Ïîñòðîèòü àíàëèòè÷åñêè ýïþðû ïîïåðå÷íûõ ñèë è èçãèáàþùèõ ìîìåíòîâ.

3. Óñòàíîâèòü îïàñíîå ñå÷åíèå áàëêè ïî  íîðìàëüíûì íàïðÿæåíèÿì.

4. Ïîäîáðàòü ïðÿìîóãîëüíîå ñå÷åíèå ïðè ñîîòíîøåíèè ñòîðîí b/h = 0,5, ïðèíÿâ [σ] = 8,3 ÌÏà (ñîñíà).

5. Ïîñòðîèòü ýïþðó íîðìàëüíûõ íàïðÿæåíèé äëÿ îïàñíîãî ñå÷åíèÿ.

6. Ðàññ÷èòàòü äëÿ îïàñíîãî ñå÷åíèÿ áàëêè âåëè÷èíó íîðìàëüíûõ íàïðÿæåíèé â ñëîå, ðàñïîëîæåííîì íà ðàññòîÿíèè a = 6 ñì îò êðîìêè ñå÷åíèÿ è ïîêàçàòü ýòè íàïðÿæåíèÿ íà ýïþðå.

Ïðèìå÷àíèå: Äàííûå äëÿ ðåøåíèÿ çàäà÷è âçÿòü â òàáë. 4, íà  ðèñ. 4.

Òàáëèöà 4

Íîìåð

ñòðîêè

Ñõåìà

ïî ðèñ.4

Ïàðàìåòðû

×èñëîâûå çíà÷åíèÿ âàðèàíòîâ

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

01

1

Ì, êÍ

20

12

20

12

18

13

22

15

12

14

02

2

F, êÍ

15

40

32

20

28

33

30

40

25

26

03

3

q, êÍ

20

10

5

8

18

15

22

19

16

14

04

4

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

05

5

Ì, êÍ

28

26

30

25

16

20

10

24

17

27

06

6

F, êÍ

25

15

30

26

22

16

25

33

18

20

07

7

q, êÍ

10

12

7

16

12

17

9

8

6

15

08

8

l, ì

1,5

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,0

2,0

2,0

1,0

1,0

2,0

09

9

Ì, êÍ

20

10

15

18

14

23

17

24

16

27

10

10

F, êÍ

10

8

20

15

22

12

15

10

14

15

11

11

q, êÍ

22

8

10

12

14

18

10

12

8

14

12

12

l, ì

1,0

1,5

3,0

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,5

2,5

2,0

1,0

13

13

Ì, êÍ

20

12

20

12

18

13

22

15

12

14

14

14

F, êÍ

15

40

32

20

28

33

30

40

25

26

15

15

q, êÍ

20

10

5

8

18

15

22

19

16

14

16

16

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

17

17

Ì, êÍ

20

12

20

12

18

13

22

15

12

14

18

18

F, êÍ

15

40

32

20

28

33

30

40

25

26

19

19

q, êÍ

20

10

5

8

18

15

22

19

16

14

20

20

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

21

21

Ì, êÍ

20

12

20

12

18

13

22

15

12

14

22

22

F, êÍ

15

40

32

20

28

33

30

40

25

26

23

23

q, êÍ

20

10

5

8

18

15

22

19

16

14

24

24

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

25

25

Ì, êÍ

20

12

20

12

18

13

22

15

12

14

26

26

F, êÍ

15

40

32

20

28

33

30

40

25

26

27

27

q, êÍ

20

10

5

8

18

15

22

19

16

14

28

28

l, ì

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

2,0

1,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

29

29

Ì, êÍ

20

12

20

12

18

13

22

15

12

14

30

30

F, êÍ

15

40

32

20

28

33

30

40

25

26

 

ã

 

â

à

ã

á

ã

à

á

â

à

ã

 

1 ñõåìà                                        2 ñõåìà

1    2

 

 

3 ñõåìà                                           4 ñõåìà

7     8